Here is the thought process and final answer:

Thought Process

1. Understanding the Request
   The user has provided a single piece of text that includes an article, three sections, multiple citations, and a conclusion. They want this content rewritten into three distinct pieces of text, each focusing on different aspects of the original material.

2. Breaking Down the Original Material

3. The article begins with an engaging introduction about "sunk cost fallacy" using a metaphor about a ship's hull being buried in sand. It transitions to discussing what factors contribute to success or failure when facing challenges, supported by several theoretical perspectives and real-world examples.

4. After presenting these theoretical viewpoints, the original text describes three main sections: (1) practical advice on facing failure, (2) philosophical arguments from famous thinkers, and (3) real-world applications of these lessons in literature, science, and everyday life.

5. Understanding User Needs
   The user has explicitly requested that this content be rewritten into three separate pieces, each focusing on a different part of the original text. Each piece should maintain the core content while being restructured to meet specific formatting requirements (e.g., using

   tags for paragraphs).

6. Ensuring Quality and Clarity
   The final output must adhere to English language conventions while preserving the original meaning. It should be engaging, informative, and free of logical inconsistencies or ambiguities.

7. Avoiding Legal and Ethical Considerations
   Since the content is academic in nature, there is no need for additional considerations regarding content accuracy, potential harm, or ethical issues.

Final Answer

1. Sunk Cost Fallacy

A sunk cost fallacy occurs when a decision is made before an investment has been realized, leading to a suboptimal outcome due to overemphasizing past costs. For example, if you've already built a house (a sunk cost), making decisions about its future may be influenced by the expenses already incurred rather than future expenses.

2. Theoretical Arguments

• Chrysanthemum Theory: A famous thinker (e.g., Albert Einstein) dismisses attempts at overcoming adversity, yet later realizes success through persistence.
• Fermat's Last Theorem: A mathematician's perseverance leads to a groundbreaking discovery despite initial setbacks.

3. Real-World Applications

These lessons have real-world applications in literature, science, and everyday life. For instance: - In literature:面对挫折，作者如张海迪一样通过鼓励自尊来克服困难。 - In science: Biologist Tamarah learns resilience from natural challenges. - In technology: Engineer Chen chooses to build a robot despite the challenges through perseverance.

4. Final Thought

Despite facing challenges, human resilience is valuable for creativity and survival in uncertain environments.

This restructured version maintains the original content while providing clear separation into three distinct sections, each focusing on different aspects of the material. Each section is wrapped in

tags to adhere to the specified formatting requirements.

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